SENTENCE VARIETY

 1. Simple Sentences

A simple sentence has the most basic elements that make it a sentence: a subject, a verb, and a completed thought. A simple sentence, also called an independent clause.

Examples of simple sentences include the following:

1. Johan plays foot ball.

    Johan = subject   plays = verb

2. Kim is a foot ball player.

    Kim = subject       is = verb

Then we can make Simple Sentence with a compound subject and a compound verb.

Please look the example below :

1. Martin and Jane waited a bus.

    Martin and Samantha = compound subject       waited = verb

2. Alya went to library and borrowed a book yesterday.

    Alya = subject    

    went ,and borrowed = compound verb

3. Firman and Maya arrived in campus at 10.00 o’clock and had speaking class at 10.25 yesterday.

    Firman and Maya = compound subject       

  ”arrived” and “had “ = compound verb

2. Compound Sentences

A compound sentence refers to a sentence made up of two independent clauses (or complete sentences) connected to one another with a coordinating conjunction : for , nor , or , and , so , but , yet.

Example :

1. Joe waited for the train, but the train was late.

2. Mary and Samantha have left on the bus before I arrived, so I did not see them at the bus station.

3.  The tyrant has fallen, and Iraq is free.

4. Money is not the only answer, but it makes a difference.

5. Is this pen yours or Andi’s pen?

3. Complex Sentences

A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses connected to it. A dependent clause is similar to an independent clause, or complete sentence, but it lacks one of the elements that would make it a complete sentence. 

Examples of dependent clauses include the following:

• because Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before noon
• while he waited at the train station
• after they left on the bus

Dependent clauses such as those above cannot stand alone as a sentence, but they can be added to an independent clause to form a complex sentence.

Dependent clauses begin with subordinating conjunctions. Below are some of the most common subordinating conjunctions:

• after
• although
• as
• because
• before
• eventhough
• if
• since
• though
• unless
• until
• when
• whenever
• whereas
• wherever
• while

Example :

1. When he handed his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page.

Independent clause : “ when he handed his home work”

Dependent clause : “ he forgot to give the teacher the last page “

2. After they finished studying, Najib and Waros played foot ball.

Independent clause  : “ Najib and Waros played foot ball “

Dependent clause     :  “ after they finished studying “

3. He always looks cheerful in front of his friends whereas his heart is not.

Independent : ‘’ He always cheerful in front of his friend “

Dependent     : “ whereas his heart is not ”

Then , sentences containing adjective clauses (or dependent clauses) are also complex because they contain an independent clause and a dependent clause.  The subjects, verbs, and subordinators are marked the same as in the previous sentences, and in these sentences, the independent clauses are also underlined.

 4. The girl whom you love so much doesn’t  come.

Independent          : “ The girl  doesn’t come “

Dependent              : ‘’ You love so much “

5. The book which cover is black is mine.

Independent          : “ The book is mine “

Dependent  : “ cover is black “

6. The university where i study is in Muria Kudus.

Independent          :” The university is in Muria Kudus”

Dependent : “ I study “